![]() Firstly, it is impossible for a text to have constant interpretations even for the same person on two occasions (Hervey, Higgins and Haywood (1995: 14). There are three main reasons why an exact equivalence or effect is difficult to achieve. The principle that a translation should have an equivalence relation with the source language text is problematic. This equivalence relation is generally considered the most salient feature of a quality translation. This notion of 'sameness' is often understood as an equivalence relation between the source and target texts. The definitions of translation suggested above imply that producing the same meaning or message in the target language text as intended by the original author is the main objective of a translator. The term 'translation' used and discussed throughout this paper is confined to the written language, and refers to both the product and process of translating. the translated text), and 3) translation: the abstract concept which encompasses both the process of translating and the product of that process Bell (1991: 13). If confined to a written language, translation is a cover term with three distinguishable meanings: 1) translating, the process (to translate the activity rather than the tangible object), 2) a translation: the product of the process of translating (e.g. Professionally, however, the term translation is confined to the written, and the term interpretation to the spoken (Newmark, 1991: 35). In any account of interlingual communication, translation is used as a generic term. Mga kasosyo para sa katutubong pakikipag-usap.Mga sertipikadong kasapi ng PRO Network. ![]() Mga nakilatis na propesyonal (Mga pagkukunan).If the customer cares about quality.Ĭopyright ©, 1999-2022. Oh, and what is the role of creativity and talent? It adds value to the customer, increasing the value margin. What we need to understand, as translators, is this – we must charge less than the customer values our work at in other words to get the kind of customer we can afford to accept work from. Let us not forget the customer’s costs include indirect costs of managing their own client expectations, finding us, managing the project with us, proofing our work, getting paid and associated risks. Of course customers shop around, to try and get an even bigger value margin. The bigger the gap between value and price, the better our value margin. Only if the value is sufficiently greater than the price do we feel like buying. When we, as customers, are asked to pay for something, we weigh up its value to us, minus the price. The customer does not really care about the supplier's need to cover their costs. We price in terms of volume, and/or time. If we have no alternative but to take the proposed work, the inconvenience costs reduce to zero.Īs translators we want to meet these three costs, and add a profit margin on top. Let us call these the inconvenience costs of taking on the work. Thirdly, there are the ‘lost opportunity’ costs of our not doing something else, something more lucrative, or more enjoyable (or both) as well as the potential delay in getting paid on this job. I shall also exclude costs of living, simply because they are nobody else’s concern but our own. But they do not, in themselves, represent anything to trade, which our customer should pay for. I shall leave aside any formal qualification and certification costs, which are our speculative investment, our competitive advantage, or our right-to-bid prerequisite. Without due proficiency, lookup time and translation time goes up. Without a CAT tool, without dictation, effort cost are higher. The two above mentioned costs trade off against each other. We want to recover something towards these costs, over time. Not to be forgotten are the costs of relevant education, experience, know-how acquired. This includes the costs of a suitable computer-assisted translation environment (CAT tool). involving the overheads and investments related to minimizing effort. Secondly, there are other, feasibility costs. There are volume-related and time-related aspects (deadlines to meet, the pace required). There are also issues of formatting, OCR legibility, looking up specialist terminology, etc. The translation process involves some elements of drudgery, most notably the typing. For both the professional translator and the customer there are costs to consider:įirstly, for the translator there are the effort costs.
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